by Klimek » Tue May 24, 2016 10:28 am
For what it is worth, the early VW cases had 12mm studs. the "AS41" case (more magnesium for additional hardness) started part way into the 1971 production year still had 12mm studs. Denoted by AS41 0n the lower case half, this case still had 12mm studs without inserts and still screwed directly into the case. In ~1974-75 VW started
Installing steel inserts in the cases for 10mm studs. Some of the inserts were open to the inside. In any of the case combinations I've never seen a stud leak oil at the threads when properly installed. An exception
to this is in early "soft cases", prior to the introduction of the AS41 case, head studs would pull the threads out resulting in an oil leak, and a loose cylinder head.
As a last note, VW did require the use of their case sealer on the studs that penetrated the case to the inside, through a case insert or not.
FWIW
My 2 cents worth
Sticking my nose in, etc.
Frank
ONEX 090
N1970T